aromatherapy
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aromatherapy is the practice of not just achieving physiological results by the use of smell but also the physical responses to the oils themselves ...which is why the purity, quality, and authenticity of the oil is paramount when its purpose is more than just providing a scent.
 
care should be taken when using essential oils. with the exception of lavender and tea tree, they should never be applied directly to the skin without dilution, and no "therapy" should be undertaken without extended knowledge of the subject or the advice of a doctor or qualified aromatherapist.

generally, there's a lot of importance attributed to the cautionary measures associated with the use of essential oils, but so much of this information is often contradictory and seldom supported by either references, research or actual clinical experience. "toxicity myths" [by ron guba] is an extensive article representing an "authoritative", in-depth dissertation on this subject. you may also want to check out "agora" (aromatherapy global online research archives), which is a treasure trove of information [links] covering myriad topics about essential oils and aromatherapy.
 
"tony burfield" is an aroma consultant and has a collection of pages that offer a good deal of information (albeit somewhat technical) on essential oils and their applications. of special interest is his "bollocks" page where he challenges, debunks, and/or corrects the errors made in other statements and publications regarding essential oils ...including ron guba's "toxicity myths" article listed above.
 
the therapeutic benefits listed with the following oils are purely informative and are not intended to be an authoritative source or to serve as medical advice.
 
• allspice (aka pimento) - used to treat depression, nervous exhaustion, arthritis, fatigue, stiffness, flatulence, and indigestion. a very warming oil, gets the circulation going. debatable whether it should be used in massage since it is such a powerful oil.
 
may irritate the skin and mucous membranes.
 
• ambrette properties and uses include: emollient, antidepressant, circulatory stimulant, muscle relaxant.
 
• amyris properties and uses include: muscle relaxant, emollient, soothing agent, stimulant.
 
• angelica properties and uses include: asthma, bronchitis, carminative, colds, constipation, coughs, diuretic, emmenagogue, expels mucous, estrogen-like, fainting, febrifuge, firms breasts, flatulence, indigestion, immunity stimulant, influenza, menopause, migraines, nervine, postnatal depression, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, upper abdominal pain, urticaria.
 
photo-toxic; avoid use in sun. avoid during pregnancy.
 
• anise fishermen use it to mask human scent while fishing. well known for its effect on the digestive system. could ease palpitations. may have a good effect on asthma and breathing difficulties. sexual problems such as impotence and frigidity may be helped. said to control lice, good for infectious skin diseases.
 
slightly toxic. dilute well before use. avoid during pregnancy.
 
• armoise (aka mugwort) - emollient, soothing agent, muscle relaxant.
 
may irritate skin. avoid during pregnancy.
 
• balsam peru used on chafed skin to soothe.
 
properties and uses include: antibiotic, antifungal, asthma, bronchitis, chafed skin, dry skin, eczema, expectorant, heart stimulant, increases blood pressure, parasiticide, thrush.
 
some believe it is a skin sensitizer. use with caution.
 
• basil, sweet good for tired, overworked muscles, as a mouthwash for mouth sores and infected gums, for chest infections and digestive problems. assists with proper function of the lungs and circulation. gives feelings of relief from headaches and migraines, nervous tension and nausea.
 
properties and uses include: allergies, amenorrhea, antidepressant, antiseptic, asthma, astringent, bronchitis, circulatory stimulant, colds, coughs, cystitis, diarrhea, diverticulosis, drug withdrawal, dysmenorrhea, ganglion, gout, hair loss, hiatal hernia, influenza, inguinal hernia, insect bites, insect repellent, insomnia, male infertility, moth repellent, muscle relaxant, muscular aches, muscular dystrophy, nausea, nervine, osteoarthritis, paraplegia, pms moodiness, rhinitis, shock, sinusitis, slipped disc, torticollis.
 
moderately toxic. possible carcinogen. avoid during pregnancy or with high blood pressure. may irritate sensitive skin. avoid if prone to seizures. avoid if history of estrogen-dependent cancer. french basil is known to be less toxic.
 
• bay, laurel use as a scalp stimulant, hair rinse for dandruff and oily, lifeless hair. also promotes hair growth. relieves muscular aches and pains, poor circulation, sprains and strains. eases colds, flu and infectious diseases.
 
• bay, rum may act as an appetite stimulant and to settle stomach pains. general aches and pains, as well as rheumatic pains may be alleviated.
 
• benzoin properties and uses include: anticoagulant, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, antispasmodic, arthritis, asthma, astringent, bronchitis, carminative, chapped-cracked-dry skin, circulatory stimulant, colds, coughs, cuts, cystitis, digestive, diuretic, expels mucous, gout, influenza, insomnia, itching, laryngitis, normalizes skin, osteoporosis, rheumatism, sedative, shortness of breath, sinusitis, whitlows, yeast infections.
 
• bergamot inhaled, it acts as a digestive, and relaxes/balances the nervous system, eases tension, anxiety, grief and depression. also known as an expectorant, and antiseptic. boosts immune system. is an analgesic, antiseptic, and antispasmodic. good for cold sores, insect bites, mouth infections, colds, flu and fever. assists the nervous, urinary, and digestive systems of the body with greater feelings of health and well-being.
 
properties and uses include: acne, analgesic, antibacterial, antibiotic, antidepressant, anti-infectious, anti-inflammatory, anti-parasitic, antiviral, bladder infections, bronchitis, carminative, chicken pox, colds, combination skin, diuretic, drug withdrawal, eczema, gingivitis, herpes, influenza, insect repellent, insomnia, laxative, mumps, oily skin, parkinson's disease, pelvic inflammatory disease, pms moodiness, respiration, scars, skin conditioner, soothing agent, thrush, trichomonas, varicose veins, wounds.
 
bergamot (with bergaptene) is a photosensitizer (increases the skin reaction to sunlight and makes it more likely to burn) and the photosensitizing effect can last for several days.
 
• birch, sweet a powerful oil which could irritate sensitive skin. best used with caution or not at all. has an invigorating, even rousing effect on the spirits. stimulates the sweat glands aiding the body in releasing harmful toxins. a lymphatic cleaner and helps keep infection at bay. increases the flow of urine. its diuretic properties could also help with obesity and cellulitis. could be good of rheumatism and muscle pain generally since it eliminates accumulation of uric acid in the joints. gives feelings of relief with muscular pain, arthritis, psoriasis and eczema, and edema. may be used in shampoos and bath gels to enhance healthy hair and skin.
 
may be toxic if used in large amounts. use with caution and moderation.
 
• birch, white properties and uses include: anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, arteriosclerosis, arthritis, astringent, cholagogue, circulatory stimulant, dandruff, depurative, dermatitis, diuretic, drug withdrawal, dry hair, eczema, febrifuge, fragile hair, gout, hair loss, insect repellent, joint pain, muscular aches, oily hair, osteoarthritis, psoriasis, rheumatism, tendonitis, toning, ulcers.
 
• black pepper popular for use with pain associated with neuralgia, poor circulation and muscle tone. useful for muscular aches and pains and muscular stiffness as it assists with dilation of local blood vessels. it is very stimulating to the mind, gives stamina where there's frustration. good to use before excessive exertion. assists with rheumatoid arthritis and temporary limb paralysis. stimulates appetite. expels wind, quells vomiting. restores tone to colon muscles. banishes excess fat, possibly by aiding digestion of protein; generally expels toxins. gives support to persons with anemia from an inactive immune system as it aids the formation of new blood cells. can bring down high temperatures in very small amounts. helpful with bruises.
 
properties and uses include: anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, antispasmodic, arteriosclerosis, carminative, chilblains, cardiac, colds, constipation, detoxifying, digestive, diuretic, expectorant, influenza, laxative, lumbago, muscle relaxant, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, raynaud's disease, rheumatism, sprains, stomachic.
 
there's the possibility of skin irritation; too much too often may over stimulate the kidneys.
 
• cade properties and uses include: anthelmintic, antiparasitic, antiseptic, dandruff, dermatitis, disinfectant, dry hair, eczema, head lice, itching.
 
skin irritant.
 
• cajeput soothes colic and vomiting. could help with cystitis. the best essential oil to apply undiluted to fire ant bites, preferably immediately after being bitten.
 
properties and uses include: acne, analgesic, anodyne, antiseptic, bronchitis, colds, cystitis, decongestant, germicide, influenza, insect repellent, neuralgia, osteoporosis, toothache, thrush.
 
• calendula (co2) - calendula extracts cannot irritate even sensitive skin and are suitable also for tonic face lotions, sun-milks, aftershave products, lipsticks and hair shampoos. the "total" extract of calendula contains the bioactive ingredients, e.g. faradiolesters, which are mainly responsible for its anti-inflammatory properties.
 
• camphor analgesic, antidepressant, antiseptic, antispasmodic, diuretic, stimulant, laxative and vermifuge. a very powerful oil, overdosing could cause convulsions and vomiting. sedates nervy types particularly when associated with depression. warms and cools the body where necessary. good for constipation and diarrhea. also helpful with gastroenteritis. may be helpful with stiff muscles. it is cooling on the skin and, therefore, reduces inflammatory conditions.
 
properties and uses include: analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, arthritis, bruises, burns, colds, coughs, decongestant, deodorant, disinfectant, febrifuge, gout, influenza, insect repellent, moth repellent, muscle relaxant, oily skin, rheumatism, skin conditioner, soothing agent, toning, wounds.
 
• caraway properties and uses include: antibacterial, appetite suppressant, carminative, circulatory stimulant, digestive, flatulence, muscle relaxant.
 
• cardamom may assist with the feelings brought on by anorexia. dyspepsia, flatulence, halitosis and heartburn. used in traditional chinese and indian medicine for over 3,000 years.
 
properties and uses include: appetite suppressant, circulatory stimulant, constipation, coughs, digestive, flatulence, indigestion, infections, hiatal hernia, headaches, muscle relaxant, nausea, shortness of breath, skin conditioner, soothing agent, tonic, toning.
 
• carnation properties and uses include: alopecia, anti-inflammatory, blood cleanser, bunions, calluses, carminative, chapped skin, corns, dandruff, dermatitis, dilates blood vessels, digestive, diuretic, dry skin, eczema, emmenagogue, flatulence, fragile hair, gout, hair loss, hangovers, muscle relaxant, normalizes skin, osteoporosis, rashes, rosacea, skin conditioner, skin toner, soothing agent, water retention, wrinkles.
 
• carrot seed used to treat jaundice and other liver disorders. recommended for mature skin and/or wrinkled skin; has been known to assist with fine lines. used to give feelings of relief from gout, edema, accumulation of toxins, liver congestion and glandular problems.
 
properties and uses include: alopecia, anti-inflammatory, blood cleanser, bunions, calluses, carminative, chapped skin, corns, dandruff, dermatitis, dilates blood vessels, digestive, diuretic, dry skin, eczema, emmenagogue, flatulence, fragile hair, gout, hair loss, hangovers, muscle relaxant, normalizes skin, osteoporosis, rashes, rosacea, skin conditioner, skin toner, water retention, wrinkles.
 
dilute well before use. overuse can cause nausea.
 
• cassia used to stimulate the pancreas.
 
• cedarwood,
    atlas		 aids in the removal of body fat. used externally for cellulite. provides an exhilarating tonic for the scalp and face to help the body deal with dandruff and acne. it can also be massaged into the skin for soothing, relaxing muscle rubs.
 
properties and uses include: air purifier, antiseptic, anti-seborrheic, antispasmodic, arthritis, astringent, bronchitis, catarrh, constipation, coughs, diuretic, dry hair, eczema, hair loss, immunity stimulant, insect repellent, male infertility, moth repellent, oily skin, osteoarthritis, rheumatism.
 
• cedarwood,
    virginia		 calms nervous tension and states of anxiety. expectorant, dries phlegm. particularly beneficial on oily skin.
 
• chamomile (german / roman) - both have a fruity, apple-like aroma. both contain azuline, a powerful anti-inflammatory. german has slightly more and is a deeper blue color. both have analgesic, antidepressant, anti-rheumatic and sedative properties. gentle and soothing. lowers blood pressure, eases stress, depression or irritability. promotes restful sleep. mixed with lavender, it is excellent for massaging to promote digestive health. helpful for sensitive skin, acne, hair care, teething pains and wounds. antiseptic, antispasmodic, bactericidal.
 
properties and uses include: acne, asthma, black eyes, blisters, boils, bruises, burns, bursitis, chapped lips, chapped skin, chilblains, cold sores, conjunctivitis, coughs, diarrhea, disinfectant, diuretic, diverticulosis, dry skin, earaches, eczema, fainting, febrifuge, fibrositis, gingivitis, hair loss, hay fever, headaches, heatstroke, hiccups, influenza, insect bites, laryngitis, nausea, nervine, neuralgia, normal skin, oily skin, osteoporosis, psoriasis, rashes, rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis, rosacea, sensitive skin, shock, sprains, sties, stress, sunburns, synovitis, toothaches, upper abdominal pain, urticaria, whitlows, wounds, wrinkles.
 
• cinnamon used as an insecticide, antispasmodic and aphrodisiac. eases colds and breathing difficulties. very powerful, should be used with extreme care, skin irritant. chills, colds, flu, digestive and menstrual problems, tooth and gum care. the oil, usually distilled from the leaves, also comes from the inner bark of the tree. the bark is used to assist with lice, warts, intestinal infections, and chills brought on by the flu.
 
properties and uses include: antibacterial, antibiotic, antifungal, antiseptic, antiviral, bronchitis, carbuncles, cystitis, diarrhea, fibrositis, hair loss, muscular aches, rheumatism, salpingitis, vaginal infections, vermifuge, warts, whooping cough.
 
• cistus (aka labdanum) - cuts, immunity stimulant, insect bites, scrapes, toning, wounds. (terpeneless cistus oil is less toxic.) citronella: used as an antidepressant. its most useful quality seems to be as an insect repellant. may also help pets get rid of fleas. also known to clear the mind so may be useful against headaches and migraines.
 
properties and uses include: antiseptic, arthritis, colds, diuretic, emmenagogue, febrifuge, influenza, oily skin, rheumatism.
 
• clary sage a relaxing, warming oil, eases nervous tension. hormone balancer, may regulate scanty periods. also soothes digestive problems. creates euphoria and can bring long lasting inner tranquility. clary's main effects are psychological. it generates energy and inspires both mind and spirit. a great bath or massage oil used for menstrual cramps and pms. especially useful for throat and respiratory infections. avoid if pregnancy, low blood pressure, estrogen-dependent cancer, breast, ovarian or uterine cysts.
 
properties and uses include: antidepressant, antiseptic, aphrodisiac.
 
avoid with alcohol. should never be used by those with epilepsy.
 
• clove beneficial to the digestive system, effective against diarrhea, vomiting and spasms. can help toothache and mouth sores, and ulcers. use for muscular disorders, treatment of asthma, nausea and sinusitis. also an aphrodisiac. useful for acne, athlete's foot, bruises, burns, cuts, arthritis, rheumatism, and bronchitis. assists with minor infections such as colds and flu. used historically with symptoms associated in the respiratory system and parasites. highly irritant to the skin, must be diluted. can cause skin and mucous membrane irritation.
 
properties and uses include: analgesic, antibacterial, antibiotic, antiseptic, anti-toxicant, antiviral, asthma, bladder infections, catarrh, cystitis, diverticulosis, fibrositis, flatulence, frostbite, hay fever, heartburns, insect repellent, lumbago, moth repellent, neuralgia, osteoporosis, pelvic pain, sedative, sprains, upper abdominal pain.
 
avoid if pregnant or high blood pressure.
 
• coriander stimulates the mind, especially in the presence of fatigue and tension. may help memory. relieves stomach gas and cramps. may have some effect on bad breath. alleviates muscle spasms.
 
properties and uses include: anti-inflammatory, arthritis, attracts bees, carminative, circulatory stimulant, colds, colic, cramps, cystitis, diarrhea, estrogen-like, female infertility, headaches, hiatal hernia, indigestion, influenza, menopause, mumps, muscular aches, nausea, osteoarthritis, pelvic pain, rheumatism, sedative, soothing agent, stomachaches, upper abdominal pain.
 
avoid during pregnancy or if history of high blood pressure. slight toxicity. avoid if you have breast cancer or fibrosis. use in moderation.
 
• cumin properties and uses include: antiseptic, cellulite, cystitis, digestive, headaches, indigestion, liver disorders, male infertility, osteoporosis.
 
may irritate sensitive skin. phototoxic.
 
• cypress acts as an astringent while easing muscle spasms. its effect on varicose veins is well known. regulates menstrual cycle. soothes anger. it is often used as a facial tonic for oily skin. cypress is lovely when used as a bath scent and in skin care products.
 
properties and uses include: amenorrhea, antibacterial, anti-infectious, antiseptic, antispasmodic, antiviral, arthritis, asthma, athlete's foot, bronchitis, broken capillaries, bruises, bursitis, cellulite, circulatory stimulant, coughs, cuts, dandruff, diabetes, diarrhea, diuretic, dysmenorrhea, edema, endometriosis, female infertility, hair loss, hemorrhoids, hot flashes, inguinal hernia, insect repellent, jock itch, menopause, muscular aches, noise pollution, nose bleeds, oily hair, osteoporosis, prostatitis, rheumatism, sinusitis, tennis elbow, vaginal infections, warts, wounds, writer's cramp.
 
avoid during pregnancy or if history of high or low blood pressure.
 
• dill (weed) properties and uses include: catarrh, cellulite, colic, constipation, diarrhea, flatulence, headaches, indigestion, liver disorders, nervine, normalizes insulin levels, stomachaches, supports pancreas functions.
 
• elemi fights infection, relieves pain and calms nerves. it clears excess mucous. it tones the body and improves immune function.
 
properties and uses include: antiseptic, antiviral, asthma, athlete's foot, bronchitis, dry skin, digestive, influenza, normal skin, oily skin, sedative, skin conditioner.
 
• eucalyptus one of the most cleansing essential oils, eucalyptus may assist your body's efforts to help maintain general respiratory health and can be diffused in sick rooms to help support the respiratory system. excellent for fevers, sinus, bronchitis and asthma problems. aids the whole breathing process and can help regenerate lung tissue. also a stimulant. excellent in vaporizers during cold and flu season, clears a stuffy head and congestion, kills airborne germs because it is a powerful antiseptic. long history and common in many of today's over the counter cold preparations. put a few drops in shampoo to control dandruff. inhibits proliferation of the cold virus. deters mosquitoes and fleas. cools emotions, aids concentration. helps with cystitis.
 
properties and uses include: acne, analgesic, animal bites, antibacterial, antibiotic, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, bedbugs, bleeding gums, blisters, burns, candida, chapped lips, chlamydia, colds, coughs, cuts, diabetes, diarrhea, disinfectant, diuretic, drug withdrawal, ear infections, earaches, febrifuge, fibrositis, flatulence, gingivitis, hay fever, heartburns, heatstroke, hyperprexia, insect bites, itching, jet lag, lice, lower abdominal pain, lumbago, muscular aches, muscular dystrophy, muscular fatigue, neuralgia, normal hair, osteoarthritis, pneumonia, prostatitis, rashes, rheumatoid arthritis, rosacea, spina bifida, stomachaches, sunburns, swelling, synovitis, tendonitis, tennis elbow, thrush, upper abdominal pain, urticaria, vaginal infections, windburns.
 
• eucalyptus,
    lemon		 (eucalyptus citriodora) - woody, lemon variant, very effective insect repellent due to a higher citronellal content than citronella.
 
• everlasting (aka helichrysum, immortelle) - soothes the body and raises the spirits. soothes aches, pains, sprains, and strains, relaxes the body and eases tension knotted into the musculature. helps invigorate your mind, eases nervous tension, and uplifts your mood. seems to lessen the effects of shock, fears and phobias and said to relieve depression as well. it is a rejuvenating oil which promotes cell growth, helping to rebuild tissues and energize the organs. clears the body of candida apparently, which often thrives when vitality is low. helps to remove mucous from the lungs and induces relaxation and sleep. said to ease the discomfort of rheumatism and general aches and pains. reputedly has a beneficial action on cystitis and herpes simplex. assists in healing scars, acne, dermatitis, boils and abscesses. is like "an eraser" on bruises. blend with rosehip seed oil for scar formula, with lemon, geranium, for smoking-secession blend.
 
properties and uses include: antibacterial, antidepressant, antifungal, antispasmodic, antiviral, astringent, bronchitis, cerebral palsy, colds, dermatitis, detoxifying, diuretic, eczema, emollient, expectorant, febrifuge, hepatic, influenza, lethargy, muscular dystrophy, pms symptoms, rheumatism, sedative, sinusitis, thrush, trichomonas.
 
• fir needle highly esteemed for its medicinal values, is used mainly for respiratory complaints, fever, muscular and rheumatic pain. is an antiseptic, expectorant and sedative. may have a beneficial effect on chest conditions, such as fluid and mucous. eases bronchitis, coughs, fever and sinusitis. relieves arthritis, muscular aches and rheumatism.
 
• frankincense this precious oil has been used for centuries to strengthen the immune system and beautify the skin. excellent for all respiratory situations, the aroma of frankincense motivates and instills feelings of quiet strength. many people use this oil when they meditate to calm the senses. is an antiseptic, diuretic, digestive and sedative. very helpful in clearing the lungs. eases shortness of breath. may diminish effects of cystitis and genito-urinary infections. may relieve heavy periods, acts as a tonic to the uterus. soothes the stomach, eases belching. said to provide a toning quality to mature skin.
 
properties and uses include: abrasions, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, asthma, astringent, bronchitis, carminative, catarrh, cirrhosis of liver, colds, coughs, diarrhea, diuretic, emmenagogue, fibrositis, influenza, oily skin, rheumatoid arthritis, scars, sedative, skin conditioner, soothing agent, varicose veins, wounds, wrinkles. avoid is pregnant.
 
• galbanum properties and uses include: acne, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, bronchitis, muscle relaxant, skin conditioner, swelling, toning, wrinkles.
 
• geranium is an analgesic, anticoagulant, antidepressant, antiseptic, and insecticide. calms anxiety, lifts the spirit, assists with depression. useful with premenstrual tension. may assist with menopausal problems such as vaginal dryness and heavy periods. assists with breast inflammation. helps clear the body of toxins which may be helpful with addictions. stimulates the lymphatic system which keeps infection at bay. eases neuralgia. aids poor circulation, sore throat, eczema, cuts, oily complexion, pms, menopausal symptoms, nervous tension and stress related conditions. very uplifting aroma. eases mood swings, pms and depression. promotes healing of burns and wounds. strengthens liver and kidneys. do not confuse with rose geranium.
 
properties and uses include: acne, alzheimer's disease, amenorrhea, analgesic, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, antispasmodic, antiviral, asthma, astringent, black eyes, blisters, blood disorders, broken capillaries, bruises, cellulite, chapped lips, chapped skin, chilblains, chills, circulatory stimulant, cirrhosis of liver, cold sores, constipation, convalescence, cramps, diabetes, diarrhea, diuretic, dry hair, dry skin, dysmenorrhea, endometriosis, female infertility, fractures, frostbite, hair loss, hay fever, hemorrhoids, herpes, hot flashes, immunity stimulant, inguinal hernia, insect repellent, jet lag, laryngitis, lice, lower abdominal pain, menorrhagia, muscular dystrophy, nerve tonic, normal hair, osteoporosis, parkinson's disease, raynaud's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, sedative, shock, sinusitis, stomachaches, thrush, varicose veins, writer's cramp, yeast infections.
 
avoid overuse. may irritate sensitive skin. avoid if history of estrogen-dependent cancer or hypoglycemia.
 
• geranium,
    bourbon		 (aka reunion geranium) - most of the world's supply comes from this area, formerly called bourbon which is an island east of madagascar. very strong rose-like odor with a high citronellal content.
 
• ginger it is antiseptic, analgesic, expectorant, laxative, and aphrodisiac. aids memory, cheers one up. eases sore throats. settles the digestive system, effective against nausea, hangovers, jet lag, sea and travel sickness. relieves cramps, rheumatic pains and muscle spasms. a valuable remedy in cases of impotence.
 
properties and uses include: appetite stimulant, arteriosclerosis, arthritis, bronchitis, bursitis, carminative, cerebral palsy, chilblains, chills, circulatory stimulant, colds, colic, constipation, convalescence, coughs, cramps, diabetes, diarrhea, edema, exhaustion, fibrositis, flatulence, fractures, frostbite, ganglion, hair loss, inguinal hernia, laryngitis, laxative, lower abdominal pain, lumbago, muscular aches, muscular dystrophy, normalizes blood pressure, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, parasiticide, pneumonia, sprains, synovitis, tendonitis, tennis elbow, tonsillitis, vomiting.
 
may irritate sensitive skin. slightly phototoxic. dilute well before use.
 
• grapefruit it is an antidepressant, antiseptic, diuretic and disinfectant. invaluable in times of stress, uplifts and revives the spirit. may have an effect on obesity (by diminishing appetite) and fluid retention. could help with cellulite. it is a tonic to the liver. relieves migraine and premenstrual tension and jet lag. this oil is used to treat acne, hair growth, toning skin and tissues, circulation. assists with chills, colds, flu, depression and nervous exhaustion. this oil is high in vitamin c. slightly euphoric.
 
properties and uses include: antibacterial, astringent, drug withdrawal, exhaustion, hangovers, muscular aches, muscular fatigue, seborrhea, toning, whooping cough.
 
photoxic.
 
• helichrysum see everlasting
 
• hyssop is an anti-rheumatic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, astringent, cicatrizant, digestive, diuretic, emmenagogue, expectorant, febrifuge, emollient, hypertensive, nervine, sedative, stimulant, stomachic, sudorific and vermifuge. clears the mind, gives a feeling of alertness. said to cure grief by clearing the spleen. very effective on respiratory problems and viral infections such as colds, coughs, sore throat, bronchitis and asthma. it liquefies mucous and relieves bronchial spasm. acts as a mild laxative, relieves stomach cramps, expels wind and is said to get rid of worms. beneficial to the menstrual cycle, particularly with water retention during periods and effective against amenorrhoea and leucorrhoea.
 
properties and uses include: acne, antibacterial, antibiotic, antiviral, asthma, athlete's foot, bleeding, bursitis, circulatory stimulant, cold sores, colic, cuts, cystitis, decongestant, dermatitis, diabetes, diuretic, diverticulosis, dry skin, eczema, frostbite, hair loss, indigestion, influenza, inguinal hernia, normalizes blood pressure, osteoporosis, psoriasis, rosacea, tennis elbow, tonsillitis, vaginal infections, varicose veins, whooping cough, wounds, wrinkles, writer's cramp.
 
avoid during pregnancy, history of epilepsy or high blood pressure. toxic. this very potent oil is recommended in very low dosages, if at all. dilute well before use.
 
• jasmine has always had a reputation as an aphrodisiac. is an antidepressant, antiseptic, emollient and sedative. tremendous remedy for severe depression. calms the nerves. effective in postpartum depression. promotes flow of breast milk. relieves spasm of the bronchi, calms irritating coughs.
 
properties and uses include: anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, carminative, catarrh, coughs, cramping, dry skin, dysmenorrhea, lethargy, menopause, mild analgesic, oily skin, pms symptoms, skin conditioner.
 
narcotic-like properties. avoid overuse. avoid heavy use during pregnancy. dilute well before use.
 
• juniper is an antiseptic, antispasmodic, aphrodisiac, and insecticide. not to be used if you have any type of kidney or inflammatory problems. effective diuretic and antiseptic of the genito-urinary tract, very valuable in treating cystitis and kidney stones. helps with cellulitis. clears intestinal mucous. helpful in cases of gout and rheumatism as it helps to eliminate uric acid. regulates period and eases painful cramps.
 
properties and uses include: acne, antifungal, anti-infectious, arteriosclerosis, arthritis, astringent, bursitis, carminative, circulatory stimulant, colds, detoxifying, disinfectant, ear infections, emmenagogue, hair loss, hangovers, hemorrhoids, influenza, jet lag, muscular aches, nervine, oily skin, seborrhea, sinusitis, swelling, synovitis, toning, vaginal infections, varicose veins, water retention.
 
avoid during pregnancy, if history of high blood pressure, if history of kidney disease. avoid long-term use. may irritate sensitive skin. dilute well before use.
 
• lantana
    camara		 this oil is quite rare. it is known to be anti-catarrah, antiviral, antitumor, cicatrizant, emmenagogue, mucolytic. skin: wounds, cuts, ulcers (avoid use on sensitive skin). it may help with bronchitis and asthma as well as with viral infections. stimulates liver and gallbladder. induces and regulates menstruation.
 
best avoided in pregnancy due to large ketone percentage.
 
• lavender known as the most versatile herb and essential oil. very gentle, can be used directly on the skin. excellent for asthma, bronchitis, depression, halitosis, laryngitis, pms, headache, migraine, insomnia, stress and nervous tension. to relieve headaches, rub on directly where it hurts. a drop on a tissue under your pillow or on your nightstand with ease insomnia. soothes the spirit, relieves anger, valuable in manic-depressive cases. has a sedative action on the heart, assists in bringing down high blood pressure, relieves muscular spasms, sprains, and rheumatic pains. useful with menstrual problems. clears the spleen and the liver. may be useful in nausea, vomiting and colic. keeps insects at bay. purifies the air. stimulates the immune system and prevents scarring. promotes growth of new skin cells, speeds healing, great for burns and sunburn, acne, psoriasis, boils, fungal growths, and insect bites. do not confuse with lavender spike.
 
properties and uses include: abrasions, abscesses, acne, analgesic, animal bites, antibacterial, antibiotic, antidepressant, antifungal, antiinflammatory, antirheumatic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, antiviral, bactericide, bleeding, blisters, boils, bruises, burns, catarrh, chapped skin, chilblains, cicatrizant, colds, convalescence, coughs, cuts, dandruff, dermatitis, decongestant, detoxifying, diaper rash, diarrhea, disinfectant, diuretic, ear infections, fainting, febrifuge, frostbite, fungicide, gingivitis, hay fever, headaches, heartburns, hiccups, immunity stimulant, influenza, insect bites, insect repellent, insomnia, itching, laryngitis, muscular aches, nervine, neuralgia, normalizes skin, palpitations, rashes, scalds, scars, scrapes, sedative, shock, sinusitis, sties, sunburns, swelling, tendinitis, tonic, toothaches, ulcers, urticaria, vomiting, whitlows, windburns, wounds.
 
avoid during first trimester of pregnancy or if history of low blood pressure. overuse can cause headaches. dilute to at least 0.5% before using on children.
 
• lavandin
    grosso		 (lavandula hybrida) - this is a hybrid lavender which grows wild. the essential oil has a slightly camphorous smell. it is far less sedative than lavender and is very effective as an inhalation for colds, sinusitis and other respiratory problems. may clear headaches, good for muscular stiffness.
 
• lemon is an anti-acid, antineuralgic, antirheumatic, bactericide, emollient, insecticide, and laxative. it's a tonic to the circulatory system, liquefies the blood and aids flow, thereby easing pressure on varicose veins. used to bring down high blood pressure. helpful in nosebleeds. eases painful cold sores and herpes. stimulating to the mind. encourages clarity, increases concentration and the ability to memorize. high antibacterial properties. fights infection and cools fever. perfect for destroying airborne germs in waiting rooms, hospital rooms, schools, bathrooms, etc. 4-10 drops in a spray bottle with water is great for killing airborne germs; particularly effective when used in a diffuser. stimulates red blood cell formation, stimulates immune system, activates white blood cell formation. excellent for colds, flu, throat infections, bronchitis, and asthma. soothes insect bites and stings. it also supports the digestive and glandular systems and helps to maintain a healthy epidermis.
 
properties and uses include: abscesses, acne, antifungal, anti-infectious, antiseptic, antispasmodic, antiviral, arthritis, astringent, athlete's foot, bleeding, blisters, boils, cellulite, cerebral palsy, chapped skin, chilblains, circulatory stimulant, cold sores, constipation, coughs, dandruff, detoxifying, diarrhea, digestive, disinfectant, diuretic, fainting, febrifuge, gallstones, gout, hair loss, hangovers, hay fever, headaches, hiccups, hot flashes, insomnia, jet lag, kidney stones, laryngitis, lice, menorrhagia, migraines, mumps, muscular dystrophy, nervine, normalizes blood pressure, oily hair, oily skin, osteoarthritis, parkinson's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, sedative, shock, sore throat, spina bifida, tendinitis, thrush, toning, tonsillitis, varicose veins, warts, water purifier, water retention, whitlows, wrinkles.
 
phototoxic. may irritate sensitive skin. dilute well before use.
 
• lemongrass has been used historically for stress-related conditions, fevers, headaches, and varicose veins. is an antidepressant, antiseptic, bactericide, diuretic, fungicide and insecticide. stimulates the mind, lifts the spirit. stimulates appetite, helpful with colic and indigestion. prevents spread of contagious diseases. great for aching muscles. relieves tired legs. relieves fatigue, assists with jet lag. aids in the flow of milk in nursing mothers.
 
properties and uses include: analgesic, antiinflammatory, antifungal, antiparasitic, arthritis, astringent, athlete's foot, bruises, cellulite, circulatory stimulant, enlarged pores, febrifuge, moth repellent, nervine, oily hair, oily skin, raises blood pressure, sedative, skin conditioner, sprains, toning, vertigo. phototoxic. avoid during pregnancy or if history of high blood pressure.
 
avoid use on sensitive skin. dilute well before use on skin.
 
• lime historically has been used for cellulite, high blood pressure, nosebleeds and asthma. is an very stimulating in cases of apathy, depression and anxiety. eases coughs and chest congestion. encourages appetite, may assist in anorexia. assists in treating alcoholism because of its disinfecting and restorative properties. may give feelings of relief from acne, boils, corns, greasy skin, herpes, insect bites and warts. shares most qualities with lemon.
 
properties and uses include: antibacterial, antibiotic, antiseptic, antiviral, astringent, dandruff, disinfectant, headaches, insecticide, restorative, rheumatism, toning.
 
phototoxic. may irritate sensitive skin.
 
• litsea
    cubeba		 it is a known tonic to the heart and respiratory system. may be helpful in cases of bronchitis and asthma. could relieve flatulence and nausea. known to be useful with lactation difficulties.
 
properties and uses include: antidepressant, antiseptic, astringent, insecticide, stimulant.
 
• mandarin properties and uses include: antidepressant, antiseptic, astringent, constipation, convalescence, digestive, hiccups, insomnia, nervine, skin conditioner, stomachaches, stretch marks.
 
phototoxic. dilute well before use with children.
 
• marjoram (spanish / sweet) - calms the nervous system. may give a feeling of comfort in cases of grief and loneliness. very effective in dealing with painful muscles, mostly in the lower back area. assists with swollen joints, good as an after-sports rub. seems to lower high blood pressure. soothes digestion, may help with stomach cramps, constipation and flatulence. may be effective against sea sickness. alleviates stuffed-up feeling during colds. may be useful in relieving painful periods. historically used for hypertension, insomnia, migraine pain, and stress-related conditions.
 
properties and uses include: analgesic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, digestive, expectorant, sedative and laxative.
 
avoid during pregnancy, on children and elderly. avoid if history of low blood pressure.
 
• melissa (aka sweet balm, lemon balm) - the light, fresh and distinctly lemony aroma is uplifting and calming at the same time.
 
properties and uses include: acne, anger, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anxiety, carminative, chicken pox, chronic coughs, cold sores, colds (with headache), colic, depression, diarrhea, eczema, emmenagogue, flatulence, headaches, herpes, indigestion, influenza, insomnia, lowers blood pressure, menstrual cycle regulating, menstrual pain and problems, migraine, mumps, nausea, oily skin, pms symptoms, sedative, shock, slows rapid breathing, tension. always use in the lowest recommended concentrations.
 
may irritate sensitive skin and should only be used in small dilutions (4-6 drops per ounce of carrier oil) as well as avoided in pregnancy. may trigger allergic reactions.
 
• myrrh many traditional uses including treatment of arthritis, eczema and skin disorders. seems to lift feelings of weakness, apathy and lack of incentive. also has a cooling effect on heated emotions. due to its drying action is effective against excessive mucous in the lungs. recommended to use in cases of bronchitis, colds, sore throats, and coughs. excellent for mouth and gum disorders; it is the best treatment for mouth ulcers, gingivitis and bleeding or spongy gums. eases flatulence and hemorrhoids. stimulates and invigorates the immune system. of great benefit in cases of scanty periods, leucorrhea and clearing obstructions in the womb. historically used to assist with chapped, dry skin, and all respiratory conditions.
 
properties and uses include: acne, amenorrhea, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, antiviral, astringent, athlete's foot, blisters, bronchitis, carminative, cirrhosis of liver, cuts, dermatitis, diarrhea, disinfectant and diuretic, emollient, gum disorders, impetigo, insect repellent, ringworm, thrush, whitlows, wounds, wrinkles.
 
best avoided during pregnancy as it is an emmenagogue. do not overuse.
 
• myrtle may soothe feelings of anger. particularly useful with pulmonary disorders especially when accompanied by night sweats. combats excessive moisture, bronchial catarrh and clears sinusitis. eases hemorrhoids and diarrhea. could stem leucorrhea, said to be an effective tonic to the womb. keeps vermin away. could be useful in treatment of acne as well as clearing blemishes and bruises. may also alleviate the scaling appearance of psoriasis.
 
properties and uses include: antiseptic, astringent, bactericide, and expectorant.
 
• neroli very relaxing, rather hypnotic, relieves chronic anxiety, depression and stress. good in cases of insomnia. assists with nerve pain, headaches and vertigo, even bouts of yawning. due to its calming effect may be beneficial to sexual problems. may relieve menopausal symptoms of irritability and tearfulness. due to its antispasmodic action calms the intestines which can be helpful with colitis and diarrhea.
 
properties and uses include: abrasions, acne, antidepressant, antiseptic, aphrodisiac, chapped skin, circulatory stimulant, cirrhosis of liver, digestive, disinfectant, dry skin, fainting, hair loss, insomnia, migraines, normal skin, normalizes blood pressure, oily skin, sedative, wrinkles.
 
do not overuse.
 
• niaouli clears the head and may aid in concentration. helps to fight infection by increasing white blood cell and antibody activity. excellent for chest infections, bronchitis, asthma and sinusitis. may be effective in dealing with urinary infections. due to its pain relieving properties, may be of aid in rheumatism and neuralgia.
 
properties and uses include: acne, analgesic, antibacterial, antibiotic, antifungal, antiseptic, antiviral, bactericide, burns, chlamydia, cicatrizant, colds, cuts, cystitis, decongestant, ear infections, estrogen-like, herpes, influenza, insecticide, mumps, osteoporosis, pneumonia, scrapes, skin irritations, sore throats, thrush, vaginal infections, whooping cough, wounds.
 
• nutmeg considered analgesic and neurotonic. used for centuries as a remedy for digestive and kidney problems, arthritis, gout, muscular aches and pains, poor circulation, and bacterial infection. one of the ingredients in vicks vapo-rub. fights nervous fatigue. indicated for extreme tiredness and used in massage blends for aching joints. blends well with citrus oils. one drop of nutmeg with 20-40 drops of orange is wonderful for the home.
 
properties and uses include: antibiotic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, boils, bronchitis, catarrh, drug withdrawal, dysmenorrhea, endometriosis, female infertility, fibrositis, insomnia, lumbago, menopause, muscle relaxant, neuralgia, normalizes blood pressure, oily skin, osteoporosis, parkinson's disease, pms symptoms, raynaud's disease, sedative, spina bifida, sprains, strains.
 
high toxicity. not to be ingested in large quantities. inhaled can cause nausea.
 
• oakmoss a lichen, usually found growing on oak trees, and sometimes on other species such as spruce and pine. it is a viscous liquid with an extremely intense aroma reminiscent of a damp forest floor. its odor is uplifting, cooling and calming; it is reputed as an aphrodisiac. this oil has antiseptic and expectorant qualities. not advisable to use this oil for professional aromatherapy, but it can be used as a mood-enhancing skin perfume or environmental fragrance. its properties are more emotional and spiritual than physical.
 
can irritate sensitive skin.
 
• orange (bitter / sweet) - good for enhancing the mood and soothing the spirit. relieves gloomy thoughts and depression. dispels nervous tension and stress. may relax insomnia brought on by anxiety. revives one when bored. encourages feelings of joy and generosity. calms the stomach in nervous states, assists with diarrhea and constipation. may encourage appetite; don't use if dieting. very good for painful and sore muscles. has a possibility of bringing down high level of cholesterols in the blood. beneficial and soothing to dry, irritated skin. helps dull and oily complexions and mouth ulcers. good for bronchitis, colds, chills, flu, and fever. stimulates circulation and fights infection. very beneficial and soothing to dry, irritated or acne prone skin conditions. good for aging or rough and calloused skin. use for bronchitis, chills, colds, flu, nervous tension & stress related conditions.
 
properties and uses include: anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, antispasmodic, astringent, bactericidal, cellulite, constipation, diarrhea, digestive, drug withdrawal, muscular aches, muscular dystrophy, nervine, oily skin, parkinson's disease, sedative, spina bifida, toning, wrinkles.
 
prolonged use and high dosage may irritate sensitive skin and there's a chance of phototoxicity on skin exposed to the sun.
 
• oregano the main effect of this oil seems to be on the digestive system, soothing the stomach, liver, spleen, and even nausea when properly diluted and applied topically to the stomach. calms intestinal spasm. may combat acidity, stomach gas and encourage appetite. may alleviate symptoms of asthma and whooping cough. its warming and pain relieving action may be beneficial to period cramps, rheumatism and muscular pain. apparently, has some effect on pediculosis (infestation by skin parasites).
 
properties and uses include: analgesic, antibacterial, antibiotic, anti-infectious, antirheumatic, antiseptic, antiviral, boils, candida, cellulite, colds, cystitis, detoxifying, disinfectant, diuretic, emmenagogue, expectorant, influenza, laxative, osteoporosis, pneumonia, sinusitis, stomachic, wrinkles.
 
do not use in jet diffusor. skin irritant. a very potent oil, could irritate the mucous membranes. best avoided in pregnancy.
 
• palmarosa refreshes and clarifies the mind. may be effective in cases of fever by reducing temperature. acts as a tonic to the digestive system. stimulates the appetite, may be helpful in cases of anorexia nervosa. may ease stiff joints.
 
properties and uses include: acne, alopecia, antiseptic, antiviral, bactericide, bleeding, circulatory stimulant, convalescence, cuts, dermatitis, dry skin, emollient, febrifuge, hair loss, insomnia, muscle relaxant, muscular dystrophy, oily skin, pms symptoms, raises blood pressure, raynaud's disease, shock, skin conditioner, soothing agent, wounds, wrinkles.
 
• parsley seed this is a very powerful oil and is a very strong diuretic, stimulates the kidneys and could effectively clear cystitis and urinary stones. rather useful in childbirth since it stimulates contractions during labor. could well promote flow of breast milk and seems to relieve hardening of the breasts. while having a calming action on the digestion, it also stimulates the appetite. useful too with flatulence. apparently, takes the sting out of insect bites. clears wounds and bruises by stimulating the blood flow. good for keeping head lice away. debatable whether should be used in massage.
 
properties and uses include: antiseptic, antispasmodic, digestive, expectorant, emmenagogue, laxative, parturient.
 
care is needed with dosage, otherwise dizziness may result. should not be used in pregnancy nor during painful menstruation as it may induce contractions of the womb. best avoided in cases of kidney disease and peptic ulcers.
 
• patchouli due to its strong astringent and cicatrizant properties, may be helpful for loose skin, especially after dieting. seems to curb appetite also. excellent in cases of diarrhea. its diuretic properties are useful in cases of water retention and cellulite. well known to increase libido. relieves effects from insect bites. it is known as a tissue regenerator which helps regrowth of skin cells and the forming of scar tissue. heals rough, cracked, dry skin. its odor may be little too persistent for some people.
 
properties and uses include: acne, antibiotic, antidepressant, antifungal, antiinfectious, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, anti-viral, athlete's foot, bactericidal, carminative, constipation, dandruff, ganglion, hair care, jock itch, lower abdominal pain, nervine, nervous exhaustion oily hair and skin, seborrhea, stress, thrush, wrinkles.
 
• pennyroyal this oil is a well known emmenagogue. it has some use in menstrual difficulties, often used to bring on menstruation. it's valuable in repelling insects on animals. can be diluted either in alcohol or vinegar as a rub to kill fleas. many aromatherapists will not use this oil.
 
use with extreme caution. do not use during pregnancy.
 
• peppermint on the body, it has a dual action: cooling when hot and warming when cold. as a remedy for colds, it halts mucous and fevers and encourages perspiration. extremely important for its effect on the digestive system. has a slightly anesthetic effect on stomach muscles. good for travel sickness, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, colic and nausea. its stimulating qualities are useful for shock, vertigo, anemia and dizziness. its cooling and pain relieving action seems to ease headaches, migraines and toothaches. to relieve headaches, rub on directly where it hurts. scanty menstruation, painful periods and mastitis could well respond to this oil. not much liked by insects and vermin. clears and stimulates the mind, aids concentration, calms nerves. said to relieve states of anger, hysteria and nervous trembling, excellent for mental fatigue and depression. mixed with carrier oil, makes an excellent foot massage.
 
properties and uses include: acne, analgesic, antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, antispasmodic, astringent, bronchitis, carminative, catarrh, cellulite, cholagogue, circulatory stimulant, constipation, disinfectant, diverticulosis, dysmenorrhea, emollient, fainting, fatigue, febrifuge, fibrositis, flatulence, flu, gingivitis, hay fever, headaches, heartburns, heatstrokes, hemorrhoids, itching, jet lag, lumbago, muscular aches, nervine, neuralgia, oily skin, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, sinusitis, sunburns, synovitis, tendinitis, tenosynovitis, toning, varicose veins, water retention, decongestant.
 
should be kept away from eyes, likely to irritate skin and mucous membranes. best avoided by pregnant women and nursing mothers as it may discourage flow of milk. avoid if history of high blood pressure. may irritate sensitive skin. may antidote homeopathic remedies.
 
• petitgrain (citrus aurantium) - calms anger and panic, refreshes the mind. eases breathing and relaxes muscle spasms. helpful with painful digestion by calming stomach muscles. could help in clearing up skin blemishes and pimples.
 
properties and uses include: antibacterial, antidepressant, anti-infectious, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, convalescence, insomnia, nervine, scars, shock.
 
• petitgrain,
    combava		 (citrus hystrix) - a wild organic variant of pettigrain; appears anti-rheumatic, sedative. useful for skin inflammation, has been known to assist with muscular pains, arthritis and rheumatism. may help with curbing anxiety, stress, anger, and insomnia.
 
avoid on sensitive skin.
 
• pine, needle known to refresh a tired mind and mental fatigue. it is a powerful antiseptic and helpful in cases of bronchitis, laryngitis and influenza. has good effect on respiratory problems. effective with cystitis and prostate problems and known as a general kidney cleanser. its warming properties may relieve rheumatism, gout and arthritis, may be beneficial for muscular pain and stiffness. reputedly effective on male sexual problems, possibly impotence. promotes healthy immune, nervous and urinary systems. when diffused the oil strengthens the respiratory tract and maintains sinus passages. when massaged into the skin, it supports healthy circulation and soothes sore joints and muscles.
 
properties and uses include: adrenal gland stimulant, analgesic, antibacterial, antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral, asthma, bladder infections, catarrh, cholagogue, circulatory stimulant, colds, convalescence, coughs, cuts, decongestant, detoxifying, disinfectant, diuretic, eczema, expectorant, lice, neuralgia, osteoarthritis, psoriasis, raises blood pressure, ringworm, scrapes, sinusitis, sudorific.
 
avoid if history of prostate cancer or high blood pressure. may irritate sensitive skin.
 
• ravensara (anisata / aromatica) - highly antiviral. anisata is from the bark of the tree and aromatica is from the leaves. both are used for clearing the sinus and breathing passages, loosening tight muscles, relieving menstrual discomfort and aches and pains. gentle, very safe on the skin, good for cold sores, shingles and genital herpes.
 
properties and uses include: antibacterial, antibiotic, anti-infectious, antiseptic, boils, bronchitis, burns, cuts, expectorant, influenza, laryngitis, lung infections, pneumonia, scrapes, wounds.
 
do not use anisata while pregnant.
 
• rose (attar / otto) - has a soothing effect on the emotions, particularly depression, grief, jealousy and resentment. lifts and heart and eases nervous tension and stress. gives a woman positive feelings about herself. calms premenstrual tension, promotes vaginal secretions and regulates the menstrual cycle. its beneficial action on infertility aids "male" problems too probably by increasing the semen. helpful with sexual difficulties, particularly frigidity and impotence. release the "happy" hormone dopamine. activates sluggish blood circulation, relieving cardiac congestion and toning the capillaries. relieves nausea, vomiting and constipation to some extent. has a purging action on toxins, the romans valued it for hangovers. has a soothing action on sore throats and eases coughs. useful for all skin types, though particularly good for mature, dry, hard, chapped, or sensitive skin. valuable treatment for broken thread veins.
 
properties and uses include: acne, alzheimer's disease, antibacterial, antiseptic, antispasmodic, antiviral, arthritis, astringent, bactericide, black eyes, bleeding, blepharitis, chapped lips, cirrhosis of liver, colds, convalescence, cuts, diuretic, drug withdrawal, endometriosis, fainting, female infertility, hair loss, headaches, insomnia, laxative, menopause, muscular dystrophy, pms symptoms, raynaud's disease, sedative, shock, stomachic, synovitis, wounds, wrinkles.
 
since it is an emmenagogue, it is best avoided in pregnancy. avoid with high blood pressure.
 
• rosehip, seed (co2) - rosehip seed oil has earned a reputation for its excellent benefits in skin care and in treating scarring. having been extracted via co2 this total we offer you retains even more of the usual beneficial properties. rosehip seed oil is also known for its very short shelf life; with the co2 you don't have to worry about its shelf life.
 
• rosemary clears the head, aids concentration, improves mental clarity and strengthens the nervous system. good for mental strain. revives the senses. clears headaches and migraines, especially when connected to gastric problems. may assist with vertigo. helps to tone temporarily paralyzed limbs. helps ease gout and tired, overworked muscles. could ease colitis, flatulence and stomach pains. seems to relieve menstrual cramps and scanty periods. its diuretic properties may be useful with water retention during menstruation and may be effective with cellulite and obesity. helps lower high blood sugar. warms and relieves colds and bronchial and asthmatic spasms. great for cold feet, tired or weak legs, circulatory problems, sore muscles, rheumatic and arthritis pain. inhaling rosemary helps relieve burning inside the nose when suffering from allergies or sinus difficulties.
 
properties and uses include: acne, alopecia, analgesic, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, antispasmodic, antiviral, arteriosclerosis, asthma, astringent, bronchitis, bruises, carminative, chilblains, cholagogue, cicatrizant, colds, constipation, cramps, cystitis, dandruff, decongestant, diaphoretic, digestive, disinfectant, diverticulosis, dry skin, fainting, fibrositis, fungicidal, hair loss, hangovers, hypertensive, immunity stimulant, influenza, inguinal hernia, insect repellent, lice, lower abdominal pain, lumbago, moth repellent, muscular dystrophy, nervine, oily hair, oily skin, osteoporosis, prostatitis, raynaud's disease, sinusitis, spina bifida, sprains, strains, swelling, synovitis, tendinitis, thrush, toning, tonsillitis, torticollis, vaginal infections, varicose veins, stomachic.
 
dilute before adding to baths, may be a skin irritant. avoid use on damaged skin. since it is an emmenagogue, avoid if pregnant. avoid with history of high blood pressure or epilepsy. might antidote homeopathic remedies.
 
• rosemary,
    verbenone		 this variation of rosemary is soft, warm, sweet, and most skin-friendly. its best known use is as a facial oil for extremely dry skin (combine with carrot seed, lavender, 2% in hazelnut or fractionated coconut oil). rosemary verbenone is even more effective at clearing catarrh than standard rosemary. it is less stimulating generally and especially less of a mental stimulant, so it can be used in the evening.
 
• rosewood (aka bois de rose) - said to stabilize the central nervous system and could therefore have an overall balancing effect. helpful when feeling low, overwhelmed with problems. may give a helpful boost to a lowered immune system. its acclaimed aphrodisiac properties may work wonders in restoring libido and could have some effect on sexual problems such as impotence and frigidity. reputedly helpful for persons who have suffered sexual abuse. may relieve headaches when accompanied by nausea and may also relieve jet lag. its deodorizing action helps the body cope with excess heat and moisture. also valuable for general skin care, as an antiseptic, and as an insect repellent.
 
• sage naturally antiseptic and used in pharmaceutical preparations for treatments of mouth, tongue and throat.
 
properties and uses include: acne, alopecia, analgesic, antifungal, astringent, cellulite, cystitis, dandruff, deodorant, diverticulosis, dysmenorrhea, eczema, estrogen-like, hair loss, laryngitis, lumbago, male infertility, moth repellent, muscular aches, oily hair, osteoporosis, rheumatism, sprains, tick repellent, vaginal infections.
 
moderate toxicity. avoid use with children, during pregnancy. avoid if history of high blood pressure or epilepsy.
 
• sandalwood its lingering aroma often persists in clothing after washing. has been used for emotional addictions. avoid in states of depression as it may lower the mood even further. excellent for meditation. its aphrodisiac properties are well known and can relieve sexual problems such as frigidity and impotence. may have a cleansing action on the sexual organs, once was used to alleviate sexually transmitted diseases. could be useful in promoting vaginal secretions. alleviates cystitis (massage in the kidney region where it has a purifying and anti-inflammatory action). its antispasmodic action on the body should encourage relaxation. helpful with chest infections and sore throats. aids sleep during colds and flu. stimulates the immune system and keeps infection at bay. may also treat heartburn and may be helpful with diarrhea. particularly good for acne, dry eczema as well as ageing, dehydrated, and chapped skin. relieves itching and inflammation. relieves insomnia, nervous tension and stress related complaints. use for bronchitis, sore throat and nausea, dry-persistent coughs, laryngitis and bronchitis.
 
properties and uses include: alopecia, analgesic, antifungal, antiseptic, antiviral, astringent, cellulite, dandruff, diverticulosicne, carminative, catarrh, chapped skin, constipation, diuretic, drug withdrawal, dry hair, emollient, expectorant, fragile hair, hangovers, osteoarthritis, sedative, wrinkles.
 
• spearmint very similar to and with same qualities as peppermint, slightly sweeter, not quite as strong. if used in full body massage, use only a minute amount; massage in local areas may be preferable. stimulates a tired mind. helpful with digestive problems such as vomiting , flatulence, constipation and diarrhea. seems to relax stomach muscles, relieves hiccups and nausea. may help with seasickness. releases retention of urine and apparently dissolves kidney stones. it controls overabundance of breast milk as well as hardening of the breasts. by the same token, it could stem the flow of heavy periods and leucorrhea. it is said to promote easier labor during childbirth. good for bad breath and sore gums. may help sores and scabs. reduces inflammation, clears congestion. a drop or two rubbed on forehead and temples will relieve a headache. try 4-7 drops in a foot bath.
 
properties and uses include: ant repellent, antiseptic, colic, emollient, hemorrhoids, insecticide, morning sickness, moth repellent, mouse repellent, nervine, parturient, soothing agent, stimulant, stomachaches.
 
possibility of eye irritation, as well as sensitive skin. avoid in pregnancy. could antidote homeopathic remedies.
 
• spikenard properties and uses include: cuts, insomnia, migraines, wounds.
 
avoid during pregnancy.
 
• spruce recommended for relief of stress and anxiety. also recommended for muscle aches and pains, aching joints, poor circulation, muscle spasms. known to be helpful for bronchitis or asthma.
 
• tagetes the scent has been used as a deterrent to house flies. well-known fungicide and antiparasitic. kills roundworms in the gut. also indicated for respiratory infections, absence of menstruation outside pregnancy, athlete's foot, and ringworm. considered antispasmodic, bactericidal, and vermifugal. considered a neurotoxic and abortive. this oil is extremely difficult to work with, many people find the aroma somewhat disturbing and it has the curious property of becoming stronger when combined with other essences. it may be acceptable when blended with orange, lemon or lavender. should be used in concentrations of less than 0.5%.
 
not to be used on pregnant women and children. excessive skin use is discouraged, as it can cause serious photosensitivity, do not use prior to exposure to simulated or natural sunlight.
 
• tangerine has an almost hypnotic effect on the mind. may well be helpful with stress and tension due to its soothing action on the nervous system. supports the immune and digestive systems. assists with gastric complaints, such as flatulence, diarreah and constipation. stimulates flow of bile which helps to digest fats. assists with tired and aching limbs since it is a tonic to the vascular system. could help smooth out stretch marks, particularly when blended with lavender and neroli. assists against water retention, cellulite and parasites.
 
properties and uses include: antidepressant, antiseptic, antispasmodic, astringent, dandruff, insomnia, muscle relaxant, oily skin, sedative, stomachic.
 
avoid use in sun. phototoxic. dilute well before use on skin.
 
• tea tree like lavender, it would take many pages to list all the redeeming qualities of this oil. also like lavender, it is just about the only oil that is recommended to be used "neat" or straight from the bottle without dilution, however, it may cause irritation on sensitive areas of skin. a must-have for every first-aid kit. active against all three varieties of infectious organisms; bacteria, fungi and viruses. has a refreshing, revitalizing effect on the mind, especially after shock. very powerful immuno-stimulant. help the immune system fight off infectious diseases, (its most important usage). activates the white corpuscles to form a defense against invading organisms and helps to shorten the duration of illness. sweats toxins out of the body. indicated for influenza, cold sores, and gingivitis. a series of massage with this oil before surgery will help to fortify the body. its strong antiviral and germicidal properties are useful in cases of repeated infections. its fungicidal properties help clear vaginal thrush and is of value with general genital infections. alleviates urinary tract problems such as cystitis. gives relief to genital and anal itching as well as general itching from chicken pox, and rashes and itching caused by insect bites. dab undiluted on insect bites and warts. said to give some protection against x-ray therapy in breast cancer. it will apparently reduce scarring when applied before treatment as the protective film will guard against very deep penetration of the x-rays. helps to ease otitis. reduces pus in infected wounds. clears ports and blemishes caused by chicken pox and shingles. useful with burns, sores, sunburn, ringworm, tinea, herpes and athletes foot. helpful with dry conditions of the scalp as well as dandruff.
 
properties and uses include: abrasions, abscesses, acne, antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, asthma, blisters, boils, bronchitis, candida, catarrh, chlamydia, cicatrizant, colds, cuts, ear infections, expectorant, febrifuge, fever, mumps, pneumonia, ringworm, sinusitis, sudorific, sunburns, tonsillitis, toothaches, tuberculosis.
 
• thyme, red well known as being anti-rheumatic, antispasmodic, cardiac, cicatrizant, diuretic, emmenagogue, expectorant and insecticide. activates brain cells, thereby aiding memory and concentration. revives feelings of exhaustion and combats depression. fortifies the lungs when treating colds, coughs and sore throats particularly tonsillitis, laryngitis and the like. rather warming and helps to eliminate phlegm. helps the body fight disease. raises low blood pressure. since its stimulating effect facilitates the removal of uric acid may be recommended for rheumatism, gout and arthritis. may stop nosebleeds. helps with sluggish digestion and wind. speeds delivery in childbirth and expelling the afterbirth, could cause miscarriage. a tonic for the scalp and may be effective with dandruff and hair loss.
 
properties and uses include: abrasions, acne, analgesic, animal bites, antibacterial, antibiotic, antifungal, anti-infectious, antiparasitic, antiviral, arteriosclerosis, asthma, astringent, athlete's foot, boils, bronchitis, carminative, catarrh, cellulite, chlamydia, circulatory stimulant, cold sores, constipation, cystitis, dandruff, detoxifying, disinfectant, dysmenorrhea, female infertility, fibrositis, influenza, lower abdominal pain, male infertility, menopause, muscular aches, neuralgia, oily hair, osteoporosis, pneumonia, seborrhea, sinusitis, sprains, thrush, warts, whitlows, whooping cough, wrinkles.
 
this is a very potent oil, one of the strongest antiseptics and toxicity is possible with prolonged use. not to be used in cases of high blood pressure nor in pregnancy. moderate toxicity. skin irritant. dilute well before use on skin. avoid use on children and elderly.
 
• vanilla (co2) - co2 extracted vanilla has no solvent residues, contains 10-13% of natural vanillin and has a shelf life under cool storage of 4-5 years. may be used for food flavoring, desserts, beverages and liqueurs, toothpaste flavoring, lipsticks, drugs and perfumery.
 
properties and uses include: emollient, sedative.
 
• verbena famous for banishing depression due to its tonic, soothing effect on the parasympathetic nervous system. works on the digestive system, especially controlling stomach spasm and cramp, nausea, indigestion and flatulence. stimulates the appetite. a cooling action on the liver mitigates inflammation and infection, as in cirrhosis, and could be beneficial in cases of alcoholism. helpful for bronchitis as well as nasal and sinus congestion. said to avert convulsions. soothes asthmatic coughs. calms heart palpitations; may deal with nervous insomnia. its reputation as an aphrodisiac probably stems from its ability to calm underlying tension. keeps down skin puffiness.
 
properties and uses include: antiseptic, emollient, insecticide and stomachic.
 
recent pharmacological tests have proven this oil to be phototoxic and a strong skin sensitizer. not recommended for massages.
 
• vetiver a calming oil, excellent for stress and tension. settles the nerves. may be useful in helping people ease off tranquilizers. said to cleanse the aura (the energy field around the body) and to strengthen the auric shield which can be instrumental in keeping out disease. very helpful in cases of mental and physical exhaustion. it assists with increasing blood flow, thereby being able to alleviate muscular aches and pains. a tonic to the reproductive system and its relaxing quality seems to have some effect on tension underlying sexual problems. helpful in cases of insomnia. may have a healing effect on acne.
 
properties and uses include: antiseptic, arthritis, emollient, immunity stimulant, male infertility, muscular relaxant, neuralgia, rheumatism, sedative.
 
• violet properties and uses include: acne, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, fibrositis, rosacea, skin conditioner, soothing agent, wrinkles.
 
• wintergreen use with caution, the essential oil is approximately 99% salicylate, the main ingredient in aspirin (irritant, sensitizing). use tiny amounts in muscle/joint blends, do a patch test. not recommended for usage in persons who should avoid aspirin or who take aspirin regularly.
 
properties and uses include: analgesic, antiseptic, muscular aches.
 
avoid internal use and during pregnancy. high toxicity. skin irritant. dilute well before use on skin.
 
• yarrow well known anti-inflammatory and is indicated for prostate or menstrual problems and neuralgia. because of its high content of azulene (which accounts for the blue color), yarrow oil is used in skin care for acne, eczema and inflammation to minimize varicose veins and reduce scars. yarrow provides protection from ticks. it is also used to counter the ill effects of radiation therapy.
 
properties and uses include: amenorrhea, anti-infectious, astringent, bleeding, blisters, burns, constipation, dandruff, dry hair, hair loss, influenza, oily hair, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, rosacea, synovitis, thrush, toothaches, urticaria, wrinkles.
 
• ylang ylang the grades (i, ii , iii and complete) indicate from which part of the steam distillation process the oil was obtained, with grade i being of the highest quality, complete being made up of all fractionations of the oil, (it has a finer, more intense creamy-sweet nuance), and grade iii being an excellent ingredient for soapmaking. ylang ylang both relaxes and arouses. in europe, therapists use it for sexual dysfunction. could well ease feelings of anger, anxiety, depression, frustration, shock, panic and fear. helps ease the unpleasant effects of stress and nervousness. helps deliver vitality to dampened enthusiasm and uplifts depressed emotions. eases insomnia and stress related disorders. useful with rapid breathing and heartbeat; its sedative properties could help bring down high blood pressure. has a tonic and stimulating effect on the scalp promoting a more luxurious hair growth. use for acne, hair rinse, insect bites, and oily skin. try 3-6 drops in a facial steam bath.
 
properties and uses include: antiseptic, circulatory stimulant, disinfectant.
 
avoid if history of apnea or low blood pressure. possible skin irritant; indicated against use on inflammatory skin conditions and dermatitis. excessive use may lead to headaches and nausea.